MILITARY COUPS, CONFLICTS, AND ECONOMIC RECESSION IN AFRICA (2000-2023)

Abstract

Purpose. This study aims to examine the causes and implications of the collapse of representative governments through coups d’état in Africa, with particular focus on the relationship between governance failures, economic challenges, and military interventions.

Design/methodology/approach. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on the analysis of primary documents and secondary data sources. A comparative method is employed to examine selected African countries—Mali, Burkina Faso, Chad, Guinea, and Niger—over the period 2000–2023, enabling cross-country evaluation of political and socio-economic dynamics.

Findings. The findings indicate that military interventions in African politics are not solely driven by military ambition but are largely influenced by economic recession, weak governance, and persistent conflicts. The study reveals that despite transitions to democratic systems, many countries continue to face structural challenges that undermine political stability and economic development. Both civilian leadership failures and military actions contribute to democratic backsliding and the emergence of pseudo-democratic systems.

Originality. This study contributes to the literature by offering a comparative and contemporary analysis of coups in Africa within the post-third wave democratic context. It provides new insights into the interplay between governance quality, economic conditions, and political instability, highlighting the dual role of civilian and military actors in undermining democratic consolidation.

Keywords: Governance, development, leadership, crisis, performance.