GEORGE H.W. BUSH, JAMES BAKER, NURSULTAN NAZARBAYEV, AND AMERICAN RECOGNITION OF KAZAKH INDEPENDENCE AUGUST-DECEMBER 1991

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the process of the emergence of Kazakh-American relations at the initial stage of the formation of the independent Republic of Kazakhstan. The historical stages of building the first international relations of the young sovereign Kazakhstan with the United States are considered: the first visit of the Kazakh delegation headed by Nursultan Nazarbayev to the White House, the first visit of Secretary of State James Baker to Kazakhstan, the first negotiations of the heads of state. Important events in the history of the formation and formation of the independent Republic of Kazakhstan are considered: the December 1986 events in Alma-Ata, the growth of the importance of N. Nazarbayev, attempts to save the USSR from complete collapse, the events of August 19-21, 1991, called the "August putsch", the turning points of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the confrontation between Boris Yeltsin and Mikhail Gorbachev, the Belavezha Accords and the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article describes the first historical steps of the Republic of Kazakhstan as an independent, peace-loving state: the rejection of nuclear weapons.

Key words: George H.W. Bush, James Baker, N. Nazarbayev, independence of Kazakhstan, USA, Russia, USSR